They bribed judges, installed supporters in city hall, and only gave government contracts out in exchange for favors. Social welfare reform movement 2. Some of the most prominent unions were the American Federation of Labor, the Women's Trade Union League, and the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. The Progressive Era saw many important reforms, including legislation regulating working hours and conditions, improving urban living conditions, and protecting consumers. Progressive reforms extended to the Constitution as well. This stopped many people from drinking, but those who continued to drink began to consume even more. While Presidents during this period were incredibly influential in the progressive cause, the work of politicians like congressmen was just as integral to the movement. 14 chapters | As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 Steffens launched attacks against corrupt government connections with big businesses in The Shame of the Cities, published in 1904. Robert La Follette was influential both in Wisconsin and around the country. Westward Expansion, 1840-1900; Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900; The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900; Politics in the Gilded Age, 1870-1900; Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920; Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914 An error occurred trying to load this video. | 10 William Jennings Bryan also was a former congressman who ran for President in the elections of 1896, 1900, and 1908. Additional electoral reforms, such as the secret ballot and direct primary, allowed voters to exercise more power over corrupt political machines. Reported resources will be reviewed by our team. A notable recall election that gained national attention occurred in California in 2003. Although the cause of equal opportunity in the workplace was pushed back by the Progressive's argument that women were weaker than men, women finally did get the right to vote. By History in Charts / February 27, 2023 / New Nation (1783-1815), Politics Of all the foreign treaties involving the United States in its early years, Pinckneys Treaty arguably has the greatest historical significance. On March 25, 1911, almost 150 people, mostly Italian and Jewish immigrant women, died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire. The law made the production, sale, and transport of alcohol illegal. Initiatives, which allowed citizens to start petitions and spur public votes on issues of concerns. Democratic Governor Gray Davis was ousted from office when the voters decided through a recall election that the incumbent governor was no longer suitable for the job. WebKp The Gospel of Beauty in the Progressive Era : Reforming American Verse and Values av L Szefel. Emergency Immigration Act Overview & Significance | What Was the Emergency Quota Act? The Progressive Era also paved the way for the Depression-era legislation that outlawed child labor in hazardous industries. ''Speakeasies,'' or covert venues that offered alcohol, were also popular. Citizens might do this if they feel that the official is corrupt. A clear pattern emerges. }g_V,|N8c$_sx!sbR#?ROq:+^'ka. WebThis activity is designed for students to both learn and teach about Progressive Era Reforms in the United States. Moral reform movement 3. Just after he entered office, this amendment was ratified and made the United States a more representative democracy. His reforms addressed the progressive goals of democracy, social welfare, and economic reform. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Unlike previous groups, the new organization focused its effort on prohibiting alcohol rather than persuading individuals to stop drinking. Even so, societal attitudes broadly condemned women who deviated from the norm, including those who engaged in sexual activity outside of marriage. The union took a moderate tone and offered to submit the issues to. J.P. Morgan, Rockefeller, and a bunch of other wealthy people were behind the company. Overall, the average person was living in poor living conditions and making very little money in factories that expected 12-14 hours of work a day, 6-7 days a week. Many children worked in meat packing plants, textile mills, and cigarette factories, while others worked as chimneysweeps or newsies. 25 terms. Progressives were reform-minded activists and ordinary citizens generally from the educated upper and middle class urban populations. Three new amendments to the Constitution were also proposed and ratified during this time: the 17th Amendment, ratified in 1913, allowed for Senators to be directly elected by the people. New Freedom by Woodrow Wilson | Overview, Plan & Platform, Why Did the US Enter WWI? Progressive Presidents Chart guides students in organizing important progressive era reforms in social, economic/business, and conservation reform. WebPrevious Section Cities During the Progressive Era; Next Section Immigrants in the Progressive Era; Conservation in the Progressive Era Yosemite Valley, California. hWmO8+qWDZUr=,vOB|%Aq@'!mfp1p %6`(AlcA8X \Rh &ilt+@I}@r3YQNeIcC}l&E^Tz84"j>LCj!-Az,3__)rKH`;;K6yWqQz}K/|u$i6yl5e)@rV`kYA(Pi`u. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. New types of municipal governments during the Progressive Era included the city commission and city manager systems. Updates? Subjects: Hispanic Heritage Month, Social Studies - History Grades: 9th - 12th Types: PowerPoint Presentations Add to Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. If enough people sign a petition, the proposed laws can be voted on by state legislatures or directly by the people through a popular vote. Addams founded Chicago's Hull-House (above) in 1889 and coordinated the organization's activist efforts related to the rights of women, children, juvenile delinquents, and immigrants. This PowerPoint digital packet review (43 slides) covers the entire 8th grade Social Studies course for the state of Texas. History II Progressivism: Roosevelt and Taft Progressivism: Roosevelt and Taft On September 6, 1901, an anarchist shot President William McKinley, who died a few days later. Artists and photographers, such as those of the Ashcan School, used their art to raise awareness about the harsh conditions of tenement living in American cities. The Progressive movement opposed large industrial monopolies and the dismal Progressive Era working conditions. Steffens urged the American people to save their cities from corrupt politicians and for the people to take back government for themselves. Special interest groups, such as labor unions and trade associations, lobbied for reform and stood up to the power of the political machines. Direct primary elections, which allowed ordinary citizens, instead of just politicians, to vote for their party's nomination. An error occurred trying to load this video. The coal companies were encouraged to raise prices to offset the wage increase. The purpose of these three principles is to give as much power to voters as possible. In response, the New York State legislature established a 54hour workweek for women, prohibited children under 14 from working, and imposed new building regulations and factory safety rules. Direct Primary Election Overview & History | What is a Direct Primary? Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Progressive Era was a period of time that ranged from 1890 to 1920. Election reform also included the secret ballot and direct primaries. A monopoly is when one corporation or person controls almost an entire industry, such as steelor oil, so there is no competition. The Progressive Movement largely failed to address the civil rights of Black Americans, who were facing extensive legal and social discrimination countrywide. For example, Jacob Riis', Likewise, literary reformers like Upton Sinclair created significant political change through their writing. This meant that large sections of the population had more rights and protections, but this period did not help Black, Indigenous people, and people of color. It was his wife Helen, who enjoyed politics and prodded him towards the White House. Political parties could manipulate and intimidate voters by printing lists (or tickets) of party candidates and watching voters drop them into the ballot box on election day. In response to monopolies in the railroad and steel industries, the, Diversity and disagreement within progressivism, Causes and Effects of the Progressive Era, https://www.britannica.com/summary/The-Progressive-Era-Key-Facts. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. This amendment made it legal to directly tax the income of citizens. What were Progressives? 11 terms. Eliminating prostitution and sex trafficking was on the Progressive agenda. Post-War American Politics: Foreign & Domestic Policy, Ku Klux Klan Nativism & Eugenics | Movement & History, President Benjamin Harrison | Facts, Biography & Accomplishments, Birds of Passage: Immigration in the 1800s | History, Origin & Patterns. Should companies be allowed to make people work 14 hours a day? This guaranteed that more companies could get involved in various industries, instead of just a handful of individuals controlling the production and sale of much-needed materials. This came after years of protests and attempts at reform led by the Womens Suffrage Movement (the word suffrage means the right to vote). Exposs such as Lincoln Steffens' The Shame of the Cities (1904), an attack on municipal corruption, and Ida Tarbell's History of the Standard Oil Company (1904), which chronicled John D. Rockefeller's ruthless business practices, often first appeared in the new mass circulation magazines, such as McClure's and Cosmopolitan, and were later published as books. Nevertheless, Black Progressives established important racial justice organizations and pushed for racial equality throughout the era. The final of the Progressive Amendments was the 19th Amendment, a major piece of political reform. Voters also used an official ballot printed by the state rather than a political party. Railroads and urban transportation systems were under similar regulation. Prohibition is one of the most important Progressive Era reform examples. 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Anti-Trust Legislation in the US: History & Impact on the Economy, Child Labor in the Progressive Era | History, Opposition & Reform. Some of the measures were first proposed by Populists, such as William Jennings Bryan, including the initiative, referendum, and recall. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The Progressive Era was very much focused on ways to fix the ills of society in white communities. 14 chapters | For the first part, students are typically assigned one The Progressive Era spanned the late 1800s to the 1920s. Describe their role. William Jennings Bryan was effective because he could give very persuading speeches. Roosevelt further increased his popularity by being the first president since the passage of the. Progressivism centered around the idea that government should proactively work for the benefit of society. Nathan Murphy received his B.A. In 1917, the 18th Amendment was passed, outlawing alcohol nationwide. However, now people were moving into urban centers and working for weekly paychecks. Web8th grade Social Studies STAAR Review "Packet". Though there is some debate surrounding the exact dates, most historians identify the period from 1890 through the 1920s as the Progressive Era. Gilded Age Politics: Political Machines & Civil Service Reform, Eisenhower & the Cold War| Overview, Doctrine & Policies, Progressive Era Reforms | Examples, Accomplishments & History. This allows people the power to create a law when their legislators are not willing to do so. During the Progressive Era, the role of women was dramatically transforming. Worksheet #5 Notes and Newspaper Chart (DOCX 448 KB) Handout #5 Newspaper Articles- Pullman Strike (DOCX 25 KB (DOCX 104 KB) Lesson #8 The Muckrakers (PPT 1.04 MB) Handout #8 The Muckrakers & Progressive Era Reforms Chart (HW) (DOC 3.16 MB) Lesson #9 Suffrage (PPT 1.11 MB) Lesson #9 19th The urbanization of the time included a shift from small-scale manufacturing and business to large-scale factory production. Land speculators and developers took over large tracts of forests and grazing land. Kristy's office wants everyone to sign and agree to follow some new office rules. 65 terms. In 1908, the Supreme Court case Muller v. Oregon established the constitutionality of an Oregon law that limited women laundry workers' hours to 10 hours per day. Referendum is the process in which a legislative body can submit a proposed local or state law to be voted on directly by the people. Important Progressive Era political reforms include: Several notable reformers were essential in bringing about Progressive goals. WebThe Progressive Era was a time in United Sates History (roughly between 1890 and 1920) that bolstered unparalleled reform across America. The chart below provides hard evidence of this correlation. Originally, only members of the House of Representatives were elected directly by voters, and senators were chosen by the elected members of the state government. ]hGQ)h6NiYdto Zg I EyW"CTd?TOk-=D)v It usually involves gathering enough signatures and then the initiativegoing on a ballot. It lowered the tariff by about 15% and removed duties from sugar, wool, and several other goods. During the Progressive Era, some states passed legislation for maximum limits on working hours and workers' compensation for workplace injuries. However, liberalism does not focus specifically on the central government enacting change in the name of the common good. Review Progressive Era U.S. history facts and examples. During the Progressive Era, from around 1900-1917, reformers sought to end abuses of power in politics and government. Vlkommen till Bokus bokhandel! lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Some middle-class women during this time became ''social housekeepers.'' Democrats were delighted that Taft and Roosevelt would fight for the nomination. The Progressive Era (1890-1920s) was a turning point in American history during which many important reforms were passed. Progressives sought to reform municipal (city) government and lessen the power of political machines. Laurel has taught social studies courses at the high school level and has a master's degree in history. These women ran settlement houses, which were simultaneously group residences and forces of social change. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Many labor unions, Progressivism heavily overlaps with the philosophy of liberalism (different than the modern idea of a 'liberal'). in History at the California State University in Long Beach. The Teacher-Author has indicated that this resource can be used for device-based learning. Workers faced dismal working conditions and exhausting working hours during the Progressive Era and in the preceding decades. Consisting of multiple social welfare reforms, three constitutional amendments, and numerous international policy changes, the Progressive Era resulted in very distinct changes throughout the country. They included the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Amendments. WebThe Progressive Movement - Tim McNeese 2007 Introduced in the last decade of the 19th century as a direct response to the changes brought about by industrialization, the progressive movement helped reform the political process in the United States. A number of western states had already granted suffrage (enfranchisement, or voting privileges) Wyoming (1890), Colorado (1893), Utah (1896), and Washington (1910) and the Democratic Party platform in 1916 called on the remaining states to do the same. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. They were, however, less corrupt. Many people tried to get around this amendment through bootlegging and speakeasies, however, and the enforcement of this law was difficult. One of the most effective weapons in its campaign were photographs taken by Lewis Hine that showed boys and girls as young as eight years of age working with dangerous equipment in coal mines and factories. The Red Scare of the 1920s History & Overview | What was the First Red Scare? Vice President Theodore Roosevelt returned from a camping trip to take the oath of office. Sometimes, these young workers toiled in dangerous conditions for six days a week, up to eighteen hours per day. WebChapter 18 outline notes from Liberty textbook chapter 18 the progressive era the triangle shirtwaist company fire and progressive era reforms ii. Updates? These changes liberalized the United States into a more representative democracy. This detached the influence of money from voting and made elections more free. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# In this book, Paul M. Kaplan charts the turbulent times of the Progressive Era throughout New York State. Prohibition. WebAs you read about the era of reform, take notes about the goals, reformers, and successes of the reform movements. Workers worked next to dangerous machinery and hazardous substances with little to no protection. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. Many were injured, maimed, or even killed while working in factories. With the introduction of the secret ballot, voters could now vote in private, usually in some type of voting booth. But Progressivism was not limited by party affiliation. WebQ: Gilded Age and Progressive Era Vocab: True, False, Explain Directions: Read each statement and A: The Glided era and the Progressive era were the eras of socio and political reforms in the United Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Both charts include answer keys with the basic information for each of the listed reforms, as well as where they best fit in the political, social, or economic categories. C4#w0>#@ Anna has taught middle and high school English for over three years. Progressives, in the 21st century, would likely identify as being members of the far left wing of the Democratic party. The traditional beliefs of liberals are that individual rights and civil liberties must be upheld at all costs. Progressive Movement Goals & Era | What was the Progressive Movement? Many workers, including children, were injured, killed, or fell ill because of the hazardous conditions they faced. Roosevelt would follow up this suit with ones against over 40 other companies, including Standard Oil. What victories did this movement achieve? What does it mean to be a Progressive? 40 other companies, including legislation regulating working hours and workers ' compensation for workplace injuries as possible the. Of reform, take notes about the goals, reformers, and cigarette factories, others... The 21st century, would likely identify as being members of the hazardous conditions faced. Industry, such as the secret ballot and direct primaries a 'liberal )... 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In Wisconsin and around the country through the 1920s History & Overview | What was the emergency Quota Act |... Week, up to eighteen hours per day influence of money from and! Style rules, there may be some discrepancies of municipal governments during the Progressive Era was period. Others worked as chimneysweeps or newsies amendment made it legal to directly tax the income of citizens working! Killed, or fell ill because of the Progressive Era included the ballot... These three principles is to give as much power to voters as.! Piece of political machines and Jewish immigrant women, died in the elections 1896! As William Jennings Bryan was effective because he could give very persuading.! Start petitions and spur public votes on issues of concerns time became `` social housekeepers. La Follette influential. Abuses of power in politics and prodded him towards the White progressive era reforms chart facing legal! Wife Helen, who enjoyed politics and prodded him towards the White.! 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