A 'reasonable chastisement' Around 80% of the boys and 60% of the girls were punished by teachers using their hands, sticks, straps, shoes, punches, and kicks as most common methods of administration. [10], Corporal punishment in the context of schools in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has been variously defined as: causing deliberate pain to a child in response to the child's undesired behavior and/or language,[11] "purposeful infliction of bodily pain or discomfort by an official in the educational system upon a student as a penalty for unacceptable behavior",[7] and "intentional application of physical pain as a means of changing behavior" (not the occasional use of physical restraint to protect student or others from immediate harm).[8]. was the traditional command to a pupil about to receive posterial discipline, but there was no consensus across different schools as to how this should be done. [130][131], All corporal punishment, both in school and in the home, has been banned since 2018. [102][103][104] In 2019, the Law on the Prohibition of Ordinary Educational Violence eventually banned all corporal punishment in France, including schools and the home.[105]. It depended partly on who was allowed to use the cane: in some places all teachers were permitted to do so, while other schools restricted it to the head and deputy head, or perhaps to senior teachers or heads of department only. [42][43] Corporal punishment of children has been prohibited unilaterally within the country since 2016. ", "Many Japanese Teachers Favor Corporal Punishment", "Student commits suicide after being beaten by school basketball coach", "Corporal punishment rife in schools in 2012: survey", "Use the cane only as a last resort, teachers", "Girls should be caned too but do it right - Letters", "Secondary schoolgirl left with red welts on arms and legs after caning", "Corporal punishment of children in the Republic of Moldova", "Corporal punishment 'common practice': author", "Against the cane: corporal punishment in Myanmar", "Slate & Slate Pencil - Computer & Keyboard", "Nepal, first S Asian country to criminalise corporal punishment of children", "Corporal punishment: stern discipline or abuse? [8], The AAP cautions that there is a risk of corporal punishment in schools fostering the impression among students that violence is an appropriate means for managing others' behaviour. It sanctions the notion that it is meritorious to be violent toward our children, thereby devaluing them in society's eyes. The Education (Corporal Punishment) Regulation G.N. [7] They say that evidence links corporal punishment of students to a number of adverse outcomes, including: "increased aggressive and destructive behaviour, increased disruptive classroom behaviour, vandalism, poor school achievement, poor attention span, increased drop-out rate, school avoidance and school phobia, low self-esteem, anxiety, somatic complaints, depression, suicide and retaliation against teachers". Four independent Christian schools [127], Caning is commonly used by teachers as a punishment in schools. Examples of punishments (sometimes called sanctions) include: a telling-off. [96], Corporal punishment in public schools was banned in 1914, but remained de facto commonplace until 1984, when a law banning all corporal punishment of minors, whether in schools or in the home, was introduced. Any individual school could choose not to use CP. It is a matter of conjecture how much part the anti-CP organisation STOPP played in causing this snowballing trend. The cane was also not uncommon, at least up to the late 1970s, in many mixed-sex schools, whether comprehensive or selective, though boys generally needed a lot more disciplining than girls. [177] Corporal punishment (especially caning) on students of both genders remains common[178][179][180][181] and accepted in practice. WebSchools Corporal punishment is prohibited in all state and private schools, but it has yet to be enacted in relation to some unregistered independent settings providing There was no explicit legal ban on it,[101] but in 2008 a teacher was fined 500 for what some people describe as slapping a student. True, a flurry of activity by the very short-lived "Schools Action Union" in 1972 briefly gained some press publicity, but this was a tiny, and almost certainly highly unrepresentative, group based entirely in a small number of London schools and manipulated, if not indeed created, by older students on the far left. [24] However, there is a lack of empirical evidence showing that corporal punishment leads to better control in the classrooms. [97][98], Caning was not unknown for French students in the 19th century, but they were described as "extremely sensitive" to corporal punishment and tended to make a "fuss" about its imposition. The ILEA had already put a stop to CP in primary schools with effect from 1973. As reported in these February 2005 news items, the highest court in the land dismissed their claims, upholding government and parliament in the 1998 blanket prohibition of all and any school CP. However, there are no prohibitions of it at home. The legislation came into force in 1987, but most Scottish local education authorities had already abolished it to the head teacher and those specifically delegated by him or her. If challenged on the legality of this (as far as we know they never were), teachers would probably claim that they did not need to be entered in the book because they did not constitute formal CP. "Getting your detentions caned off" was an offer aimed especially at sportsmen at some schools, where the student's presence at an important match, which he would otherwise miss, might be crucial. (At my own similarly ancient grammar school, this practice was said to have been stopped in the 1940s.) "[146], Article 89 of the Pakistan Penal Code does not prohibit actions, such as corporal punishment, subject to certain conditions (that no "grievous hurt" be caused, that the act should be done in "good faith", the recipient must be under 12 etc.). [209] In a few English cities, a strap was used instead of the cane. The National Union of Teachers said that it "could not support the views expressed by those in favour of hitting children".[219][220]. (1) Department of Education, Administrative Memorandum 531, 1956 (but this was only a codification of a requirement laid down much earlier). In 18 U.S. states, corporal punishment is lawful in both public and private schools. Encyclopaedia entry from 1911 summarising the state of the law at the time: teachers had the common-law right to chastise their pupils, not only for offences at school but also, under a court ruling of 1893, for those committed on the way to or from school, or during school hours. Copyright C. Farrell 2008-2021 According to one report, corporal punishment is a key reason for school dropouts and subsequently, street children, in Pakistan; as many as 35,000 high school pupils are said to drop out of the education system each year because they have been punished or abused in school. Corporal punishment in Norwegian schools was strongly restricted in 1889, and was banned outright in 1936. He had previously been caned at his prep school, without complaint. WebCorporal punishment should be brought back in some circumstances, but NEVER on hands! [195], In 19th-century France, caning was dubbed "The English Vice", probably because of its widespread use in British schools. However, these powers were subject to any regulations made by the local education authority. This academic paper (2018) is very interesting despite some woolly jargon. Sit-ups with ears pulled and arms crossed, kneeling, and standing on the bench in the classroom are other forms of punishment used in schools. Such documentary evidence as is available tends to show that third-, fourth- and fifth-formers (ages 13 to 16 inclusive) were by far the most frequent beneficiaries. So too is this 1945 case in which a bare-bottom slippering at a prep school was held not to be excessive or unreasonable. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), there are three broad rationales for the use of corporal punishment in schools: beliefs, based in traditional religion, that adults have a right, if not a duty, to physically punish misbehaving children; a disciplinary philosophy that corporal punishment builds character, being necessary for the development of a child's conscience and their respect for adult authority figures; and beliefs concerning the needs and rights of teachers, specifically that corporal punishment is essential for maintaining order and control in the classroom. In this article about a secondary modern school in Norfolk in the 1950s, it is claimed that boys were slippered hard on the backside, sometimes with "six of the best", while girls were rulered on their hands. [123][124][125] There have been reports of students being caned in front of the class/school for lateness, poor grades, being unable to answer questions correctly or forgetting to bring a textbook. Article 34 of the Law on Education 2012 states that students have the right to "(9) respect for human dignity, protection from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury personality, the protection of life and health"; article 43(3) states that "discipline in educational activities is provided on the basis of respect for human dignity of students and teachers" and "application of physical and mental violence to students is not allowed. Manchester Grammar School was exceptional in going back from caning to birching in 1904 and in 1907 staunchly defending the practice as greatly preferable to caning. [134][135][136][137][138] This was abolished in practice in 1987. A federal law was implemented in 1998 which banned school corporal punishment. [225], Corporal punishment is technically unlawful in schools under article 75 of the Education Law 2005,[226] but there is no clear statement that corporal punishment is prohibited. The Commission was divided (there are three dissenting opinions) but the majority thought this particular caning, which caused weals, swelling and bruising, was, unlike other school cases considered, serious enough to be "degrading treatment" under Article 3 of the Convention. With the troubles with some pupils at some schools that you hear about on the News, the NASUWT members tended to complain that the NUT was much too dominated by female primary-school teachers who had no experience of the problems facing teaching staff in tough secondary schools. In the UK, this is a state high school for boys aged 11 and over. As enacted, the law had a loophole: parents, provided they were not school staff, could still discipline their children on school grounds. In my own personal view as a non-lawyer, I find some of the argumentation quite difficult to follow. The law applied to all schools, both public and private. Feature article on corporal punishment north of the border. Corporal Punishment Archive The method has been criticised by some children's rights activists who claim that many cases of corporal punishment in schools have resulted in physical and mental abuse of schoolchildren. [148] On the provincial level, corporal punishment was partially banned in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by two laws in 2010 and 2012, and banned by Sindh in schools in 2013. He was often caned at Stouts Hill prep school around 1970, but harbours no grudges. A position paper of the Society for Adolescent Medicine", "Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health Position Statement on corporal punishment", "Memorandum on the Use of Corporal Punishment in Schools", "Legislative assembly questions #0293 - Australian Psychological Society: Punishment and Behaviour Change", "General comment No. By the late 2000s, over twenty years after CP was removed from state schools in 1987, there was still a lack of consensus on the issue, with many parents and commentators, some teachers and community leaders and even young people continuing to believe that moderate and properly regulated caning (or belting, in Scotland) helped to maintain order, and was a much more constructive response to serious misdeeds than suspension or expulsion, which merely grant a "holiday" to those who refuse to behave. [222] Students can be physically punished from kindergarten to the end of high school, meaning that even legal adults who have reached the age of majority are sometimes spanked by school officials. Corporal punishment is also unlawful in private schools in Iowa and New Jersey. Discussion of the above and other ECHR cases, from a "children's rights" point of view. 447 (2002); Deana A. Pollard, Banning Child Corporal Punishment, 77 Tul. By 2016, an estimated 128 countries had prohibited corporal punishment in schools, including all of Europe, and most of South America and East Asia. [99] The systematic use of corporal punishment has been absent from French schools since the 19th century. The medical evidence was that the marks on his bottom were already fading by the following day. [Source Global Initiative to End All Corporate Punishment of Children]. [ 127 ], Caning is commonly used by teachers as a,. 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